Oxalic acidabu ne na halitta.Sigar sinadarai shine H₂C₂O₄.Yana da samfur na rayuwa na kwayoyin halitta.Acid mai rauni ne mai kashi biyu.An rarraba shi sosai a cikin tsire-tsire, dabbobi, da fungal.Yana yin ayyuka daban-daban a cikin halittu masu rai daban-daban.Sabili da haka, ana ɗaukar acid oxalic a matsayin mai adawa da sha da amfani da abubuwan ma'adinai.Its anhydride ne carbon trioxide.
Halaye:Monoclinic sheet mara launi ko prismatic crystal ko farin foda, oxalic acid wari ta hanyar hadawan abu da iskar shaka, dandano oxalic acid ta hanyar kira.Sublimation a 150 ~ 160 ℃.Ana iya sawa a cikin busasshiyar iska mai zafi.1g yana narkewa a cikin ruwa 7ml, 2mL ruwan zãfi, 2.5ml ethanol, 1.8mL tafasasshen ethanol, 1.8mL ether, 5.5ml glycerin, kuma insoluble a benzene, chloroform da man fetur ether.Maganin 0.1mol/L yana da pH na 1.3.Matsakaicin dangi (ruwa = 1) shine 1.653.Matsayin narkewa 189.5 ℃.
Abubuwan sinadarai:Oxalic acid, wanda kuma aka sani da glycolic acid, ana samunsa sosai a cikin abincin shuka.Oxalic acid kristal ne mara launi, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa maimakon a cikin kaushi na halitta kamar ether,
Oxalate yana da tasirin daidaitawa mai ƙarfi kuma wani nau'in wakili ne na ƙarfe a cikin abincin shuka.Lokacin da aka haɗa oxalic acid tare da wasu abubuwan ƙarfe na ƙasa na alkaline, ƙarfinsa yana raguwa sosai, kamar calcium oxalate yana kusan rashin narkewa a cikin ruwa.Sabili da haka, kasancewar oxalic acid yana da babban tasiri akan bioavailability na ma'adanai masu mahimmanci;Lokacin da aka haɗa oxalic acid tare da wasu abubuwa na ƙarfe na wucin gadi, ana samun rukunoni masu narkewa saboda aikin daidaitawa na oxalic acid, kuma narkewar su yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Oxalic acid ya fara raguwa a 100 ℃, da sauri ya juye shi a 125 ℃, kuma ya yi girma a 157 ℃, ya fara rubewa.
Zai iya amsawa tare da alkali, zai iya haifar da esterification, acyl halogenation, amide dauki.Rage halayen kuma na iya faruwa, kuma halayen decarboxylation na iya faruwa a ƙarƙashin zafi.Anhydrous oxalic acid shine hygroscopic.Oxalic acid yana samar da gidaje masu narkewar ruwa tare da karafa da yawa.
Common oxalate:1, Sodium oxalate;2, Potassium oxalate;3, Calcium oxalate;4, Ferrous oxalate;5, Antimony oxalate;6, Ammonium hydrogen oxalate;7, Magnesium oxalate 8, Lithium oxalate.
Aikace-aikace:
1. Complexing wakili, masking wakili, precipitating wakili, rage wakili.Ana amfani da shi don ƙayyade beryllium, calcium, chromium, zinariya, manganese, strontium, thorium da sauran ions karfe.Picocrystal bincike don sodium da sauran abubuwa.Haɓaka alli, magnesium, thorium da abubuwan da ba kasafai ba.Daidaitaccen bayani don daidaitawar potassium permanganate da mafitacin sulfate.Bleach.Rini taimako.Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi don cire tsatsa a kan tufafi a cikin masana'antar ginin kafin a goge murfin bango na waje, saboda bangon alkaline yana da ƙarfi yakamata ya fara goge oxalic acid alkali.
2. Pharmaceutical masana'antu amfani a yi na aureomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, bitamin B12, phenobarbital da sauran kwayoyi.Masana'antar bugu da rini ana amfani da su azaman taimakon launi, bleach, matsakaicin likita.Filastik masana'antu don samar da PVC, amino robobi, urea - formaldehyde robobi.
3. An yi amfani da shi azaman mai kara kuzari don haɓakar resin phenolic, halayen catalytic yana da sauƙi, tsarin yana da inganci, kuma tsawon lokaci shine mafi tsayi.Maganin acetone oxalate na iya haifar da warkarwa na resin epoxy kuma yana rage lokacin warkewa.Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman urea formaldehyde na roba, melamine formaldehyde guduro pH mai daidaitawa.Hakanan za'a iya ƙara shi a cikin polyvinyl formaldehyde mai narkewa mai ruwa don inganta saurin bushewa da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa.Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman urea formaldehyde resin curing wakili, ƙarfe ion chelating wakili.Ana iya amfani dashi azaman mai haɓakawa don shirya mannen sitaci tare da KMnO4 oxidant don haɓaka ƙimar iskar oxygen da rage lokacin amsawa.
A matsayin wakilin bleaching:
Ana amfani da Oxalic acid a matsayin wakili mai ragewa da kuma bleach, ana amfani da shi wajen samar da maganin rigakafi da kuma borneol da sauran magunguna, da kuma tace wasu abubuwan da ba su da yawa, rage yawan rini, wakili na tanning, da dai sauransu.
Hakanan za'a iya amfani da acid Oxalic a cikin samar da cobalt-molybdenum-aluminum catalysts, tsaftace karafa da marmara, da bleaching na yadi.
Ana amfani da shi don tsabtace saman ƙarfe da jiyya, cirewar abubuwan da ba kasafai ba, bugu da rini, sarrafa fata, shiri mai kara kuzari, da sauransu.
A matsayin wakili mai ragewa:
A cikin masana'antar hada magunguna ana amfani da su a cikin samar da hydroquinone, pentaerythritol, cobalt oxalate, nickel oxalate, gallic acid da sauran samfuran sinadarai.
Filastik masana'antu don samar da PVC, amino robobi, urea - formaldehyde robobi, fenti, da dai sauransu.
Ana amfani da masana'antar rini don kera kore mai tushe da sauransu.
Masana'antar bugawa da rini na iya maye gurbin acetic acid, wanda aka yi amfani da shi azaman taimakon launi mai launi, wakili na bleaching.
Pharmaceutical masana'antu domin yi na aureomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ephedrine.
Bugu da kari, oxalic acid kuma za a iya amfani da a cikin kira na daban-daban oxalate ester, oxalate da oxalamide kayayyakin, da diethyl oxalate, sodium oxalate, calcium oxalate da sauran kayayyakin ne mafi m.
Hanyar ajiya:
1. Rufe a wuri mai bushe da sanyi.Tsayayyen danshi, hana ruwa da kuma hana rana.Zafin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 40 ℃ ba.
2. Ka nisanta daga oxides da alkaline abubuwa.Yi amfani da jakunkuna da aka saka da polypropylene masu liyi da jakunkuna, 25kg/jahu.
Gabaɗaya, oxalic acid wani sinadari ne mai ɗimbin yawa tare da aikace-aikace da yawa a cikin masana'antu daban-daban.Kaddarorinsa sun sa ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi don tsaftacewa, tacewa da bleaching, kuma yana da aikace-aikace da yawa a cikin masana'antar yadi, aikin lambu da masana'antar ƙarfe.Koyaya, dole ne a ɗauki matakan tsaro yayin amfani da wannan sinadari, tunda yana da guba kuma yana iya zama cutarwa idan ba a kula da shi yadda ya kamata ba.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-30-2023