Oxalic acidwani sinadari ne na halitta. Siffar sinadarai ita ce H₂C₂O₄. Samfurin metabolism ne na halittu. Sinadarin acid ne mai rauni mai sassa biyu. Yana yaɗuwa sosai a cikin tsirrai, dabbobi, da kuma jikin fungi. Yana yin ayyuka daban-daban a cikin halittu daban-daban. Saboda haka, ana ɗaukar oxalic acid a matsayin mai hana sha da amfani da abubuwan ma'adinai. Anhydride ɗinsa shine carbon trioxide.
Halaye:Takardar monoclinic mara launi ko farin foda mai kama da prismatic, oxalic acid ba shi da wari ta hanyar oxidation, ɗanɗanon oxalic acid ta hanyar hadawa. Sublimation a 150 ~ 160 ℃. Ana iya shawo kan sa a cikin iska mai zafi. 1g yana narkewa a cikin ruwan 7mL, ruwan zãfi 2mL, ethanol 2.5mL, ethanol mai tafasa 1.8mL, ether 100mL, glycerin 5.5mL, kuma ba ya narkewa a cikin benzene, chloroform da petroleum ether. Maganin 0.1mol/L yana da pH na 1.3. Yawan dangi (ruwa = 1) shine 1.653. Matsayin narkewa 189.5 ℃.
Kayayyakin sinadarai:Ana samun sinadarin Oxalic acid, wanda aka fi sani da glycolic acid, a cikin abincin tsirrai. Oxalic acid wani lu'ulu'u ne mai siffar columnar, wanda ke narkewa a cikin ruwa maimakon a cikin sinadarai masu narkewa kamar ether,
Oxalate yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi na daidaitawa kuma wani nau'in sinadarin chelating na ƙarfe ne a cikin abincin tsire-tsire. Idan aka haɗa oxalic acid da wasu abubuwan ƙarfe na ƙasa na alkaline, narkewarsa yana raguwa sosai, kamar calcium oxalate kusan ba ya narkewa a cikin ruwa. Saboda haka, kasancewar oxalic acid yana da babban tasiri akan samuwar ma'adanai masu mahimmanci; Lokacin da aka haɗa oxalic acid da wasu abubuwan ƙarfe na wucin gadi, hadaddun abubuwa masu narkewa suna samuwa saboda aikin daidaitawa na oxalic acid, kuma narkewarsu yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Oxalic acid ya fara yin kasa a digiri 100, ya fara yin kasa a digiri 125, sannan ya fara yin kasa a digiri 157, sannan ya fara rubewa.
Yana iya amsawa da alkali, yana iya samar da esterification, acyl halogenation, da kuma amide reaction. Hakanan ana iya samun raguwar amsawa, kuma decarboxylation reaction na iya faruwa a ƙarƙashin zafi. Anhydrous oxalic acid yana da hygroscopic. Oxalic acid yana samar da hadaddun abubuwa masu narkewa cikin ruwa tare da ƙarfe da yawa.
Oxalate na yau da kullun:1, Sodium oxalate;2, Potassium oxalate;3, Calcium oxalate;4, Ferrous oxalate;5, Antimony oxalate;6, Ammonium hydrogen oxalate;7, Magnesium oxalate 8, Lithium oxalate.
Aikace-aikace:
1. Maganin hadawa, maganin rufe fuska, maganin rage zafi, maganin rage zafi. Ana amfani da shi don tantance beryllium, calcium, chromium, zinariya, manganese, strontium, thorium da sauran ions na ƙarfe. Binciken Picocrystal don sodium da sauran abubuwa. Yi amfani da sinadarin calcium, magnesium, thorium da abubuwan ƙasa marasa ƙarfi. Maganin da aka saba amfani da shi don daidaita sinadarin potassium permanganate da maganin cerous sulfate. Bleach. Taimakon rini. Hakanan ana iya amfani da shi don cire tsatsa a kan tufafi a masana'antar gini kafin a goge murfin bango na waje, saboda alkaline na bango yana da ƙarfi ya kamata a fara goge oxalic acid alkali.
2. Masana'antar magunguna da ake amfani da su wajen ƙera aureomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, bitamin B12, phenobarbital da sauran magunguna. Masana'antar bugawa da rini da ake amfani da ita azaman taimakon launi, bleach, da kuma maganin likita. Masana'antar filastik don samar da PVC, amino robobi, urea - robobi formaldehyde.
3. Ana amfani da shi azaman mai kara kuzari don haɗa sinadarin phenolic resin, aikin catalytic yana da sauƙi, tsarin yana da daidaito, kuma tsawon lokacin shine mafi tsawo. Maganin Acetone oxalate na iya haɓaka amsawar warkarwa na epoxy resin da rage lokacin warkarwa. Hakanan ana amfani da shi azaman roba urea formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin pH mai daidaita pH. Hakanan ana iya ƙara shi cikin manne mai narkewar ruwa na polyvinyl formaldehyde don inganta saurin bushewa da ƙarfin haɗuwa. Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman wakili mai warkarwa na resin urea formaldehyde, wakili mai cire ion na ƙarfe. Ana iya amfani dashi azaman mai hanzarta shirya manne na sitaci tare da oxidant na KMnO4 don hanzarta ƙimar oxidation da rage lokacin amsawa.
A matsayin wakilin bleaching:
Ana amfani da sinadarin Oxalic acid galibi a matsayin mai rage zafi da kuma bleach, ana amfani da shi wajen samar da maganin rigakafi da borneol da sauran magunguna, haka kuma ana tace sinadarin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, mai rage rini, mai sanya tanning, da sauransu.
Ana iya amfani da sinadarin Oxalic acid wajen samar da sinadarin cobalt-molybdenum-aluminum, tsaftace karafa da marmara, da kuma yin bleach na yadi.
Ana amfani da shi don tsaftacewa da kuma kula da saman ƙarfe, cire abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba, buga da rini a yadi, sarrafa fata, shirya abubuwan kara kuzari, da sauransu.
A matsayin wakili mai ragewa:
A masana'antar hada kwayoyin halitta, galibi ana amfani da su wajen samar da hydroquinone, pentaerythritol, cobalt oxalate, nickel oxalate, gallic acid da sauran kayayyakin sinadarai.
Masana'antar filastik don samar da PVC, amino robobi, urea - robobi na formaldehyde, fenti, da sauransu.
Ana amfani da masana'antar rini don ƙera tushen kore da sauransu.
Masana'antar bugawa da rini na iya maye gurbin acetic acid, wanda ake amfani da shi azaman taimakon launin launi, ko kuma wakilin yin bleaching.
Masana'antar magunguna don samar da aureomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, da ephedrine.
Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da oxalic acid wajen haɗa nau'ikan oxalate ester, oxalate da oxalamide, kuma diethyl oxalate, sodium oxalate, calcium oxalate da sauran kayayyaki sune suka fi samar da kayayyaki.
Hanyar ajiya:
1. A rufe a wuri mai bushewa da sanyi. A tabbatar babu danshi, ruwa ba ya shiga kuma ba ya shiga rana. Zafin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce digiri 40 ba.
2. A ajiye a nesa da sinadarin oxides da abubuwan alkaline. A yi amfani da jakunkunan polypropylene da aka saka da jakunkunan filastik, 25kg a kowace jaka.
Gabaɗaya, sinadarin oxalic acid sinadari ne mai amfani da yawa wanda ake amfani da shi a fannoni daban-daban. Abubuwan da ke cikinsa sun sa ya zama zaɓi mafi kyau don tsaftacewa, tsaftacewa da kuma yin bleaching, kuma yana da aikace-aikace da yawa a masana'antar yadi, lambu da aikin ƙarfe. Duk da haka, dole ne a ɗauki matakan kariya yayin amfani da wannan sinadari, domin yana da guba kuma yana iya zama illa idan ba a yi amfani da shi yadda ya kamata ba.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-30-2023