Tun bayan barkewar rikici tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine, Turai na fuskantar matsalar makamashi.Farashin man fetur da iskar gas ya yi tashin gwauron zabo, wanda hakan ya haifar da karuwar farashin samar da albarkatun kasa masu nasaba da magudanar ruwa.
Duk da rashin fa'idar albarkatunta, masana'antar sinadarai ta Turai har yanzu tana da kashi 18 cikin 100 na tallace-tallacen sinadarai na duniya (kimanin yuan tiriliyan 4.4), wanda ke matsayi na biyu a Asiya, kuma gida ne ga BASF, babbar mai samar da sinadarai a duniya.
Lokacin da samar da kayayyaki na sama ke cikin haɗari, farashin kamfanonin sinadarai na Turai ya ƙaru sosai.Kasashen Sin, Arewacin Amurka, Gabas ta Tsakiya da sauran kasashe sun dogara da albarkatun kansu kuma ba a rage tasirin su ba.
A cikin gajeren lokaci, farashin makamashi na Turai zai iya kasancewa mai tsada, yayin da kamfanonin sinadarai na kasar Sin za su sami fa'ida mai kyau na farashi yayin da annobar cutar ta Sin ta inganta.
To, ga kamfanonin sinadarai na kasar Sin, wadanne sinadarai ne za su samar da damammaki?
MDI: An faɗaɗa tazarar kuɗi zuwa 1000 CNY/MT
Kamfanonin MDI duk suna amfani da tsari iri ɗaya, tsarin phosgene na ruwa lokaci-lokaci, amma ana iya samar da wasu matsakaicin samfuran ta shugaban kwal da shugaban iskar gas guda biyu.Dangane da tushen CO, methanol da ammonia roba, kasar Sin ta fi amfani da sinadarin kwal, yayin da Turai da Amurka suka fi amfani da iskar gas.
A halin yanzu, karfin MDI na kasar Sin ya kai kashi 41% na karfin karfin duniya, yayin da Turai ke da kashi 27%.A karshen watan Fabrairu, farashin samar da MDI tare da iskar gas kamar yadda albarkatun kasa a Turai ya karu da kusan 2000 CNY/MT, yayin da a karshen Maris, farashin samar da MDI tare da kwal kamar yadda albarkatun kasa ya karu da kusan 1000 CNY/ MT.Tazarar farashi kusan 1000 CNY/MT ne.
Tushen bayanai sun nuna cewa, yawan kayayyakin da ake fitarwa na MDI na kasar Sin ya kai fiye da kashi 50 cikin 100, ciki har da jimillar kayayyakin da aka fitar a shekarar 2021 da ya kai miliyan 1.01, wanda ya kai kashi 65 cikin dari a duk shekara.MDI kayan ciniki ne na duniya, kuma farashin duniya yana da alaƙa sosai.Ana sa ran hauhawar farashin da ake kashewa a ketare zai kara habaka gasa da farashin kayayyakin kasar Sin.
TDI: An faɗaɗa tazarar kuɗi zuwa 1500 CNY/MT
Kamar MDI, kamfanonin TDI na duniya duk suna amfani da tsarin phosgene, gabaɗaya suna ɗaukar tsarin tsarin phosgene na ruwa, amma ana iya samar da wasu matsakaicin samfuran ta hanyar coal da shugaban iskar gas guda biyu.
A karshen watan Fabrairu, farashin samar da MDI tare da iskar gas kamar yadda albarkatun kasa a Turai ya karu da kusan 2,500 CNY/MT, yayin da a karshen Maris, farashin samar da MDI tare da kwal kamar yadda albarkatun kasa ya karu da kusan 1,000 CNY/ MT.Tazarar farashin ta faɗaɗa zuwa kusan 1500 CNY/MT.
A halin yanzu, karfin TDI na kasar Sin ya kai kashi 40% na yawan karfin duniya, kuma Turai tana da kashi 26%.Don haka, hauhawar farashin iskar gas a Turai ba makawa zai haifar da haɓakar farashin samar da TDI da kusan 6500 CNY / MT.
A duk duniya, kasar Sin ita ce babbar mai fitar da TDI.Bisa kididdigar da hukumar kwastam ta fitar, TDI na kasar Sin ya kai kusan kashi 30%.
TDI kuma samfurin kasuwanci ne na duniya, kuma farashin duniya yana da alaƙa sosai.Ana sa ran hauhawar farashin da ake kashewa a ketare zai kara inganta gasa da farashin kayayyakin kasar Sin.
Formic acid: Ƙarfin aiki mai ƙarfi, farashin ninki biyu.
Formic acid yana ɗaya daga cikin sinadarai mafi ƙarfi a wannan shekara, yana tashi daga 4,400 CNY/MT a farkon shekara zuwa 9,600 CNY/MT kwanan nan.Samuwar Formic acid yawanci yana farawa daga methanol carbonylation zuwa methyl formate, sa'an nan kuma hydrolyzes zuwa formic acid.Kamar yadda methanol ke yawo akai-akai a cikin tsarin amsawa, albarkatun ƙasa na formic acid shine syngas.
A halin yanzu, Sin da Turai suna da kashi 57% da 34% na karfin samar da formic acid a duniya bi da bi, yayin da fitar da kayayyaki a cikin gida ya kai sama da kashi 60%.A cikin Fabrairu, samar da formic acid a cikin gida ya ragu, kuma farashin ya tashi sosai.
Ƙarfin aikin da Formic acid ke da shi a yayin da ake fama da ƙarancin buƙatun ya samo asali ne saboda matsalolin samar da kayayyaki a kasar Sin da waje, wanda tushensa shi ne matsalar iskar gas a ketare, kuma mafi mahimmanci, raguwar samar da Sinawa.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙwarewar samfuran masana'antun sinadarai na kwal kuma yana da kyakkyawan fata.Kayayyakin sinadarai na kwal galibi methanol da ammonia na roba, waɗanda za a iya ƙara su zuwa acetic acid, ethylene glycol, olefin da urea.
Dangane da ƙididdigewa, fa'idar farashin methanol coal yin tsari ya wuce 3000 CNY / MT;Amfanin kuɗin da ake amfani da shi na tsarin samar da kwal na urea shine kusan 1700 CNY/MT;Amfanin farashin acetic acid coal yin tsari shine kusan 1800 CNY/MT;Rashin hasara na ethylene glycol da olefin a cikin samar da kwal an kawar da su.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-19-2022