Tetrahydrofuran

Tetrahydrofuran, wanda aka taƙaita shi a taƙaice THF, wani sinadari ne na halitta mai heterocyclic. Yana cikin ajin ether, kuma shine samfurin sinadarin ƙanshi na furan cikakken hydrogenation.

Tetrahydrofuran yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarfi a cikin polar ethers. Ana amfani da shi azaman matsakaiciyar mai narkewa a cikin polar a cikin halayen sinadarai da cirewa. Ruwa ne mara launi mara canzawa a zafin ɗaki kuma yana da ƙamshi mai kama da ether. Yana narkewa a cikin ruwa, ethanol, ether, acetone, Chemicalbook benzene da sauran mafi yawan masu narkewa na halitta, wanda aka sani da "mai narkewa na duniya". A zafin ɗaki da ruwa ana iya ɗan mirgina shi, wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da sinadarai ba bisa ƙa'ida ba suna amfani da wannan wurin don samun riba daga tetrahydrofuran reagent ruwa. Saboda yanayin THF na samar da peroxides a cikin ajiya, ana ƙara BHT mai hana tsufa a cikin samfuran masana'antu. Yawan danshi ≦0.2%. Yana da halaye na ƙarancin guba, ƙarancin tafasa da kuma kyakkyawan ruwa.

Kayayyakin sinadarai:Ruwa mai haske mara launi, tare da ƙamshin ether. An haɗa shi da ruwa, barasa, ketone, benzene, ester, ester, da hydrocarbons.

Babban aikace-aikace:

1. Abubuwan da aka samo daga sinadaran spandex:

Tetrahydrofuran da kanta na iya zama polycondensation (ta hanyar sake buɗe zobe na cationic) zuwa polytetramethylene ether diol (PTMEG), wanda kuma aka sani da tetrahydrofuran homopolyl. PTMEG da toluene diisocyanate (TDI) da aka yi da juriyar lalacewa, juriyar mai, ƙarancin zafin jiki, ƙarfin roba na musamman; An shirya kayan roba na polyether polyether tare da dimethyl terephthalate da 1, 4-butanediol. PTMEG tare da nauyin kwayoyin halitta na 2000 da p-methylene bis (4-phenyl) diisocyanate (MDI) don yin polyurethane elastic fiber (SPANDEX fiber), roba na musamman da wasu kayan shafa na musamman. Mafi mahimmancin amfani da THF shine don samar da PTMEG. A cewar ƙididdiga masu tsauri, kusan kashi 80% na THF na duniya ana amfani da shi don samar da PTMEG, kuma PTMEG galibi ana amfani da shi don samar da zaren spandex.

2. Maganin narkewa mai kyakkyawan aiki:

Tetrahydrofuran wani sinadari ne mai kyau da ake amfani da shi akai-akai, musamman ma don narke PVC, polyvinylidene chloride da butyl aniline, wanda ake amfani da shi sosai azaman sinadari na saman, sinadari mai hana lalata, tawada ta bugawa, tef da sinadari mai rufe fim, tare da Chemicalbook a cikin electroplating ruwan aluminum na iya zama mai sarrafa kauri na layin aluminum da haske. Maganin shafawa don sinadari na tef, sinadari na saman PVC, tsaftacewa mai karɓar PVC, cire fim ɗin PVC, sinadari na cellophane, tawada ta buga filastik, sinadari na polyurethane mai zafi, manne, wanda aka saba amfani da shi a cikin sinadari na saman, sinadari mai kariya, tawada, masu cirewa da kuma wakilan maganin saman don fata ta roba.

3. Ana amfani da shi azaman kayan aiki don haɗa sinadarai na halitta kamar magunguna:

Don samar da tetrahydrothiophene, 1.4- dichloroethane, 2.3- dichlorotetrahydrofuran, valerolactone, butyl lactone da pyrrolidone. A masana'antar magunguna, ana amfani da shi wajen haɗa coughbixin, rifumycin, progesterone da wasu magungunan hormones. Ana samar da Tetrahydrothiophenol ta hanyar maganin hydrogen sulfide, wanda za'a iya amfani da shi azaman maganin ƙamshi a cikin iskar gas (ƙarin ganowa), kuma shine babban mai narkewa a masana'antar magunguna.

4. Sauran Amfani:

Sinadarin chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography), wanda ake amfani da shi don dandanon iskar gas, sinadarin cire acetylene, sinadarin daidaita haske na polymer, da sauransu. Tare da amfani da tetrahydrofuran mai yawa, musamman a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saurin haɓakar masana'antar polyurethane, buƙatar PTMEG a ƙasarmu yana ƙaruwa, kuma buƙatar tetrahydrofuran kuma yana nuna saurin ci gaba.

Hadari:Tetrahydrofuran yana cikin ruwa mai ƙonewa na aji 3.1 mai ƙarancin hasken wuta, mai matuƙar kama da wuta, tururin na iya samar da cakuda mai fashewa da iska, iyakar fashewa shine 1.5% ~ 12% (ƙaramin ƙara), tare da haushi. Yanayinsa mai ƙonewa sosai kuma haɗari ne na aminci. Babban abin da ke damun THFS shine jinkirin samuwar peroxides masu fashewa lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga iska. Don rage wannan haɗarin, ana ƙara THFS da ake samu a kasuwa sau da yawa da 2, 6-di-tert-butylp-cresol (BHT) don hana samar da peroxides na halitta. A lokaci guda, bai kamata a busar da THF ba saboda peroxides na halitta za su taru a cikin ragowar distillation.

Gargaɗin aiki:aiki a rufe, cikakken iska. Dole ne a horar da masu aiki musamman kuma su bi ƙa'idodin aiki sosai. Ana ba da shawarar masu aiki su sanya abin rufe fuska na gas irin na tacewa (rabin abin rufe fuska), gilashin kariya, tufafin hana tsayawa, da safar hannu masu jure wa mai. A ajiye su nesa da wuta, tushen zafi, kada a sha taba a wurin aiki. Yi amfani da tsarin iska mai hana fashewa da kayan aiki. A hana tururi shiga cikin iskar wurin aiki. A guji hulɗa da oxidants, acid da tushe. Ya kamata a sarrafa yawan kwararar ruwa yayin cikawa, kuma ya kamata a sami na'urar ƙasa don hana taruwar lantarki. Lokacin sarrafawa, ya kamata a yi lodi da saukewa kaɗan don hana lalacewa ga marufi da kwantena. An haɗa su da nau'ikan kayan aikin wuta da kayan aikin gaggawa na zubar ruwa. Akwati mara komai na iya ƙunsar ragowar mai cutarwa.

Gargaɗin Ajiya:Yawanci kayan yana da abin hana shiga. A adana a cikin ma'ajiyar ajiya mai sanyi da iska. A ajiye a nesa da wuta da zafi. Zafin ma'ajiyar bai kamata ya wuce digiri 30 ba. Ya kamata a rufe ma'ajiyar kuma kada ta taɓa iska. Ya kamata a adana ta daban da abubuwan hana iska, acid da tushe, kuma kada a haɗa ta. Ana amfani da hasken wuta da wuraren iska masu hana fashewa. Kada a yi amfani da kayan aikin injiniya da kayan aikin da ke iya haifar da walƙiya. Ya kamata a sanya wa wurin ajiyar kayan aikin gaggawa na zubar da ruwa da kayan riƙewa masu dacewa.

Marufi: 180KG/ganga