Formamide: Cibiyar Bincike ta Ba da Shawarar Gyara Hoto na Sharar PET Plastic don Samar da Formamide

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a matsayin polyester mai mahimmanci na thermoplastic, yana da samarwa na duniya sama da tan miliyan 70 na shekara-shekara kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin marufi na yau da kullun, kayan yadi, da sauran fannoni. Koyaya, a bayan wannan babban adadin samar da kayayyaki, kusan kashi 80% na sharar gida na PET ana watsar da su ba tare da nuna bambanci ba ko kuma an cika su, suna haifar da mummunar gurɓatar muhalli da haifar da ɓarna na albarkatun carbon. Yadda za a cimma sake yin amfani da sharar gida PET ya zama babban kalubale da ke buƙatar ci gaba don ci gaba mai dorewa a duniya.

Daga cikin fasahohin sake yin amfani da su, fasahar gyaran hoto ta sami kulawa sosai saboda koren halaye masu laushi. Wannan dabarar tana amfani da tsaftataccen makamashin hasken rana mara gurɓatacce a matsayin ƙarfin tuƙi, samar da nau'in redox mai aiki a cikin wurin ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi da matsa lamba don sauƙaƙe juzu'i da haɓaka haɓaka ƙimar robobi. Duk da haka, samfurori na hanyoyin gyaran hoto na yanzu sun fi iyakance ga sauƙi masu dauke da oxygen kamar su formic acid da glycolic acid.

Kwanan nan, wata tawagar bincike daga Cibiyar Canjin Hoto da Haɗin Kai a wata cibiya a kasar Sin ta ba da shawarar yin amfani da sharar gida PET da ammonia a matsayin tushen carbon da nitrogen, bi da bi, don samar da foramide ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar CN photocatalytic. Don wannan, masu binciken sun tsara Pt1Au/TiO2 photocatalyst. A cikin wannan mai kara kuzari, rukunin zarra guda ɗaya na Pt suna zaɓin ɗaukar hotunan electrons, yayin da Au nanoparticles suna ɗaukar ramukan hoto, suna haɓaka haɓaka da haɓaka haɓakar nau'ikan nau'ikan ramuka na lantarki, ta haka yana haɓaka ayyukan photocatalytic. Adadin samar da formamide ya kai kusan 7.1 mmol gcat⁻¹ h⁻¹. Gwaje-gwaje kamar in-situ infrared spectroscopy da electron paramagnetic resonance sun bayyana hanyar amsawa mai tsattsauran ra'ayi: ramukan da aka samar a lokaci guda suna oxidize ethylene glycol da ammonia, suna haifar da tsaka-tsakin aldehyde da amino radicals (· NH₂), waɗanda ke yin haɗin gwiwar CN don samar da ƙarshe. Wannan aikin ba wai kawai ya ƙaddamar da sabuwar hanya don canza darajar robobi mai ƙima ba, yana haɓaka nau'ikan samfuran haɓaka PET, amma kuma yana ba da kyakkyawan tsari, mafi arziƙi, da kuma kyakkyawan dabarun roba don samar da mahimman abubuwan da ke ɗauke da nitrogen kamar su magunguna da magungunan kashe qwari.

An buga sakamakon binciken da ke da alaƙa a cikin Angewandte Chemie International Edition a ƙarƙashin taken "Photocatalytic Formamide Synthesis from Plastic Waste da Ammoniya ta hanyar CN Bond Construction Under Mild Conditions". Binciken ya samu tallafi daga ayyukan da gidauniyar kimiyyar dabi'a ta kasar Sin ta tallafawa, da asusun hadin gwiwa na dakin gwaje-gwaje na kayan tarihi tsakanin kwalejin kimiyyar kasar Sin da jami'ar Hong Kong da dai sauransu.