Formamide: Cibiyar Bincike Ta Ba da Shawarar Gyaran Roba na Sharar Dabbobin Dabbobi Don Samar da Formamide

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a matsayin muhimmin polyester mai amfani da thermoplastic, yana da yawan samarwa a duk duniya wanda ya wuce tan miliyan 70 a kowace shekara kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin marufi na abinci na yau da kullun, yadi, da sauran fannoni. Duk da haka, bayan wannan babban adadin samarwa, kusan kashi 80% na sharar PET ana zubar da ita ko kuma a cika ta da ƙasa ba tare da wani shara ba, wanda ke haifar da gurɓataccen muhalli mai tsanani da kuma haifar da asarar albarkatun carbon mai yawa. Yadda za a cimma sake amfani da sharar PET ya zama babban ƙalubale wanda ke buƙatar ci gaba don ci gaba mai ɗorewa a duniya.

Daga cikin fasahar sake amfani da na'urorin zamani, fasahar sake fasalin hoto ta sami kulawa sosai saboda halayenta masu kore da laushi. Wannan dabarar tana amfani da makamashin rana mai tsabta, wanda ba ya gurɓata muhalli a matsayin ƙarfin tuƙi, tana samar da nau'ikan redox masu aiki a wuri a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi da matsin lamba na yanayi don sauƙaƙe sauyawa da haɓaka sharar filastik. Duk da haka, samfuran hanyoyin sake fasalin hoto na yanzu galibi suna iyakance ga mahaɗan da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen kamar formic acid da glycolic acid.

Kwanan nan, wata ƙungiyar bincike daga Cibiyar Canzawa da Haɗawa ta Photochemical a wata cibiya a China ta ba da shawarar amfani da sharar PET da ammonia a matsayin tushen carbon da nitrogen, bi da bi, don samar da foramide ta hanyar haɗin CN na photocatalytic. Don haka, masu binciken sun tsara na'urar daukar hoto ta Pt1Au/TiO2. A cikin wannan mai kara kuzari, wuraren Pt guda ɗaya suna ɗaukar electrons na photogenerated, yayin da nanoparticles na Au ke ɗaukar ramukan photogenerated, wanda ke haɓaka rabuwa da ingancin canja wurin nau'ikan electrons na photogenerated, ta haka yana haɓaka aikin photocatalytic. Yawan samar da foramide ya kai kimanin 7.1 mmol gcat⁻¹ h⁻¹. Gwaje-gwaje kamar in-situ infrared spectroscopy da electron paramagnetic resonance sun bayyana hanyar amsawa mai tsauri: ramukan photogenerated suna oxidize ethylene glycol da ammonia a lokaci guda, suna samar da tsaka-tsakin aldehyde da amino radicals (·NH₂), waɗanda ke yin haɗin CN don samar da foramide. Wannan aikin ba wai kawai ya fara sabuwar hanya don canza robobi masu daraja ba, yana ƙara wadatar da samfuran haɓaka PET, har ma yana samar da dabarun roba mai kyau, mafi araha, kuma mai ban sha'awa don samar da mahimman mahadi masu ɗauke da nitrogen kamar magunguna da magungunan kashe kwari.

An buga sakamakon binciken da aka yi a cikin bugu na Angewandte Chemie International Edition a ƙarƙashin taken "Hanyoyin Photocatalytic Formamide daga Sharar filastik da Ammoniya ta hanyar Gina Lamunin CN a ƙarƙashin Yanayi Mai Sauƙi". Binciken ya sami kuɗi daga ayyukan da Gidauniyar Kimiyyar Halitta ta Ƙasa ta China ta tallafa, Asusun Haɗin gwiwa na Dakunan Gwaji don Kayan Labarai tsakanin Kwalejin Kimiyya ta China da Jami'ar Hong Kong, da sauran majiyoyi.