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Abubuwan da ke tasowa a cikin Methylene Chloride: Sabuntawa, Dokoki, da Dorewa a cikin Sashin Sinadarai

Methylene Chloride (MC), wani kaushi mai ɗorewa da ake amfani da shi sosai a cikin magunguna, adhesives, da ƙirar iska, yana fuskantar manyan canje-canje a aikace-aikacen masana'anta da shimfidar wuri mai tsari. Ci gaba na baya-bayan nan game da ingancin samarwa, ka'idojin kare muhalli, da madadin bincike mai ƙarfi suna sake fasalin yadda ake fahimtar wannan sinadari da amfani da shi a cikin sassan samar da kayayyaki na duniya.

1. Nasarorin da aka samu a cikin Rufe-Madauki Tsarukan Sake yin amfani da su

Hanyar da za ta sake dawowa da sake amfani da dichloromethane a cikin tsarin masana'antu ya sami karbuwa a cikin 2023. Ƙaddamar da haɗin gwiwar bincike na Turai, wannan tsarin rufewa yana amfani da fasahar tallan tallace-tallace na ci gaba don kamawa da tsaftace MC vapors da aka fitar yayin samar da sutura. Gwaje-gwajen farko sun nuna adadin dawo da kashi 92%, tare da rage yawan amfani da albarkatun kasa da hayaki.

Fasahar tana haɗa sa ido ta AI don haɓaka sake amfani da ƙarfi sake zagayowar, yana tabbatar da bin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun faɗuwar wurin aiki. Masana'antu irin su masana'antar polycarbonate da tsabtace kayan lantarki suna yin gwajin wannan tsarin, wanda ya yi daidai da maƙasudin tattalin arziƙin madauwari na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Chemical (ICCA) 2030.

2. Tsarkake Dokokin Duniya akan Fitowar MC

Ƙungiyoyin da ke tsarawa suna ƙara bincikar Methylene Chloride saboda yuwuwar ragewar ozone (ODP) da haɗarin lafiyar sana'a. A cikin Satumba 2023, Hukumar Kula da Sinadarai ta Turai (ECHA) ta ba da shawarar yin gyare-gyare ga ka'idojin REACH, wanda ke ba da izinin bin diddigin hayaki na zahiri don wuraren amfani da sama da tan 50 na MC kowace shekara. Dokokin kuma suna buƙatar kimanta maye gurbin don aikace-aikacen da ba su da mahimmanci ta Q2 2024.

A lokaci guda, Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA) ta ƙaddamar da bitar matsayin MC a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kula da Abubuwan Guba (TSCA), tare da binciken farko da ke nuna ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun iskar iska a wurin aiki - mai yuwuwa rage kofa daga 25 ppm zuwa 10 ppm. Waɗannan matakan suna da nufin magance tashin hankali game da tasirin jijiya na dogon lokaci tsakanin ma'aikatan masana'antu.

3. Bangaren Magunguna Sun Amince da Madadin Greener

Masana'antar harhada magunguna, babban mabukaci na Methylene Chloride don kristal da hakar miyagun ƙwayoyi, yana haɓaka gwaje-gwajen kaushi na tushen halittu. Wani binciken da aka yi bita na tsara da aka buga a *Green Chemistry* (Agusta 2023) ya ba da fifikon abubuwan da aka samu na limonene a matsayin maye gurbin MC a cikin API (kayan aikin magunguna mai aiki), yana samun daidaitaccen amfanin gona tare da ƙananan bayanan guba na 80%.

Yayin da tallafi ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa saboda ƙalubalen kwanciyar hankali, ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodi a ƙarƙashin Dokar Rage Haɗin Kuɗi na Amurka suna ba da tallafin tsire-tsire na matukin jirgi waɗanda aka keɓe don haɓaka waɗannan hanyoyin. Manazarta sun yi hasashen raguwar 15-20% na buƙatun MC daga kantin magani nan da 2027 idan yanayin R&D na yanzu ya ci gaba. 

4. Ci gaba a MC Risk Rage Fasaha

Sabbin sarrafa injiniyoyi suna rage haɗarin haɗari masu alaƙa da MC. Wata ƙungiyar bincike ta Arewacin Amurka kwanan nan ta buɗe tsarin tacewa na tushen nanoparticle wanda ke lalata ragowar MC a cikin magudanan ruwa zuwa abubuwan da ba su da guba kamar ions chloride da carbon dioxide. Tsarin photocatalytic, wanda hasken UV mai ƙarancin kuzari ke kunnawa, yana samun nasarar lalata 99.6% kuma ana haɗa shi cikin wuraren kula da ruwan sharar sinadarai.

Bugu da ƙari, kayan aikin kariya na zamani na gaba (PPE) waɗanda ke nuna ingantattun injina na graphene sun nuna ingancin kashi 98% wajen toshe tururin MC yayin manyan ayyukan fallasa kamar fenti. Waɗannan abubuwan haɓakawa sun zo daidai da sabbin ƙa'idodin OSHA waɗanda ke ba da fifikon kulawar fallasa ga masu sarrafa MC. 

5. Dorewar Kasuwa Mai Dorewa

Duk da rawar da take takawa, Methylene Chloride na fuskantar matsin lamba daga sharuɗɗan saka hannun jari na ESG (muhalli, zamantakewa, mulki). Wani bincike na 2023 da babban manazarcin masana'antar sinadarai ya nuna cewa kashi 68% na masana'antun da ke ƙasa yanzu suna ba da fifiko ga masu siyarwa tare da ingantattun tsare-tsaren rage iska na MC. Wannan yanayin yana haifar da ƙirƙira a cikin kayan aikin dawo da ƙarfi da hanyoyin samar da kwayoyin halitta.

Musamman ma, wani aikin matukin jirgi a kudu maso gabashin Asiya ya sami nasarar haɗa MC ta amfani da methane chlorination wanda ke aiki da makamashi mai sabuntawa, yana yanke sawun carbon na samarwa da kashi 40%. Yayin da ƙalubalen haɓakawa ya kasance, irin waɗannan yunƙurin suna nuna ginshiƙan sashin sinadarai zuwa yanayin yanayin ƙauyen da aka lalatar da su.

Kammalawa: Daidaita Amfani da Alhaki

Kamar yadda Methylene Chloride ya kasance ba makawa don aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci, mayar da hankali kan masana'antu kan ci gaba mai dorewa da bin ka'ida yana ƙaruwa. Haɗin kai na tsarin dawo da kai-tsaye, mafi aminci madadin, da sauye-sauyen manufofin za su ayyana matsayin MC a cikin ƙarancin carbon mai zuwa. Masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin sarkar kimar dole ne a yanzu su kewaya wannan lokaci mai canzawa-inda ingancin aiki da kula da muhalli ke haduwa-don tabbatar da dorewar dogon lokaci.


Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-07-2025