Ethylene glycol (EG), wani sinadari mai mahimmanci a fannin samar da polyester, hadadden sinadarai masu hana daskarewa, da kuma resin masana'antu, yana shaida ci gaban da ke tattare da muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi dorewa da ci gaban fasaha. Sabbin kirkire-kirkire a hanyoyin samarwa, sabbin dokoki, da sabbin aikace-aikace suna sake fasalin rawar da yake takawa a fannin sinadarai na duniya.
1. Nasarorin Haɗin Kore
Wani ci gaba a fasahar canza sinadarai masu guba yana kawo sauyi a samar da sinadarin ethylene glycol. Masu bincike a Asiya sun ƙirƙiro wani sabon sinadarin da ke haifar da sinadarin tagulla wanda ke canza sinadarin syngas (haɗin hydrogen da carbon monoxide) kai tsaye zuwa sinadarin ethylene glycol tare da kashi 95% na zaɓi, wanda ke kauce wa tsaka-tsakin ethylene oxide na gargajiya. Wannan hanyar tana rage yawan amfani da makamashi da kashi 30% kuma tana rage fitar da sinadarin CO₂ da tan 1.2 a kowace tan na sinadarin EG da aka samar.
Tsarin, wanda yanzu yake cikin gwajin gwaji, ya yi daidai da manufofin rage gurɓatar iskar carbon a duniya kuma yana iya kawo cikas ga hanyoyin samar da iskar carbon na gargajiya da suka dogara da burbushin halittu. Idan aka daidaita shi, zai iya ba wa tsire-tsire na ethylene glycol damar haɗawa ba tare da wata matsala ba tare da tsarin kama carbon ba, yana sanya EG a matsayin "sinadarin kore" a cikin sarƙoƙin samar da kayayyaki masu zagaye.
2. Ethylene Glycol Mai Tsarin Halitta Yana Samun Karfin Shakatawa
A yayin da ake ƙara samun buƙatar kayan aiki masu ɗorewa, sinadarin ethylene glycol mai tushen halitta wanda aka samo daga rake ko sitaci masara yana fitowa a matsayin madadin da ya dace. Wani shiri na haɗin gwiwa kwanan nan a Kudancin Amurka ya nuna yuwuwar haɗa sharar gona zuwa monoethylene glycol (MEG) tare da ƙarancin tasirin carbon da kashi 40% fiye da makamancinsa na mai.
Masana'antar yadi, wacce ita ce babbar mai amfani da EG, tana gwada bio-MEG a fannin samar da zare na polyester, tare da sakamakon farko da ke nuna irin wannan ƙarfin tauri da kuma ƙarfin rini. Ƙarfafa dokoki, kamar Shirin Sabunta Carbon na EU, yana hanzarta ɗaukar nauyin, kodayake ƙalubalen da ke tattare da haɓaka kayan abinci da daidaiton farashi suna ci gaba da ƙaruwa.
3. Binciken Dokoki kan Sake Amfani da EG
Damuwar da ake samu game da dorewar muhalli na ethylene glycol ya haifar da tsauraran dokoki. A watan Oktoba na 2023, Hukumar Kula da Ingancin Inganci ta Amurka (EPA) ta gabatar da sabbin jagororin fitar da ruwa mai dauke da EG, wanda ya ba da umarnin ci gaba da hanyoyin hada iskar shara don rage ragowar glycols a kasa da 50 ppm. A lokaci guda, Tarayyar Turai tana tsara wani gyara ga tsarin Rijistarta, Kimantawa, Izini, da Takaita Sinadarai (REACH), wanda ke bukatar masana'antun su gabatar da bayanan guba ga samfuran EG nan da shekarar 2025.
Waɗannan matakan suna da nufin magance haɗarin muhalli, musamman a cikin yanayin halittu na ruwa, inda tarin EG ke da alaƙa da ƙarancin iskar oxygen a cikin ruwa.
4. Sabbin Aikace-aikace a Ajiyar Makamashi
Ethylene glycol na samun amfani mara tsammani a tsarin adana makamashi na zamani. Wata ƙungiyar bincike a Turai ta ƙera na'urar sanyaya batirin da ba za ta iya ƙonewa ba ta amfani da haɗin ruwan EG da aka gyara, wanda ke haɓaka sarrafa zafi a cikin batirin lithium-ion da kashi 25%. Ana gwada tsarin, wanda ke aiki yadda ya kamata daga -40°C zuwa 150°C, a cikin samfuran motocin lantarki da na'urorin adanawa na sikelin grid.
Bugu da ƙari, kayan canjin yanayi na EG (PCMs) suna jan hankalin adana makamashin rana, tare da gwaje-gwajen da aka yi kwanan nan sun sami nasarar riƙe makamashi da kashi 92% cikin ɗari a cikin zagayowar 500.
5. Juriyar Sarkar Samar da Kayayyaki da Canje-canje a Yankuna
Tashin hankalin siyasa da matsalolin sufuri sun haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin sassan samar da ethylene glycol. Sabbin wurare a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya suna ɗaukar ƙananan sassan samar da kayayyaki waɗanda aka inganta don wadatar abincin gida, wanda ke rage dogaro da manyan shuke-shuke. Wannan sauyi yana ƙarawa ta hanyar tsarin kula da kaya da AI ke jagoranta wanda ke rage sharar EG a sassan ƙasa kamar ƙera kwalbar PET.
Kammalawa: Juyin Halitta Mai Fasahohi Daban-daban
Bangaren ethylene glycol yana tsaye a kan wani mahadar hanya, yana daidaita amfanin masana'antu da buƙatun dorewa na gaggawa. Sabbin kirkire-kirkire a cikin hada-hadar kore, madadin halittu, da aikace-aikacen tattalin arziki mai zagaye suna sake fasalta sarkar darajarsa, yayin da ƙa'idodi masu tsauri ke nuna buƙatar yin ayyukan da suka dace da muhalli. Yayin da masana'antar sinadarai ke juyawa zuwa ga rage fitar da carbon, daidaitawar ethylene glycol zai tantance mahimmancinsa a kasuwa mai saurin tasowa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-07-2025