Asid mai tsamian fi sani da ACOH, wanda aka sanya masa suna bayan kasancewarsa babban sinadarin vinegar, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman fatty acids. Siffar free in nature gabaɗaya tana wanzuwa a cikin shuke-shuke da yawa. Kwayoyin halitta CH3COOH. Girki da amfani da vinegar suna da tarihin dubban shekaru. A tsohuwar ƙasar Sin, an rubuta shi a cikin vinegar. Amma acetic acid mai ƙarfi wani littafi ne mai nasara wanda Stahl ya ƙirƙira a shekara ta 1700. Tsarkakken acetic acid ruwa ne mara launi kuma yana da ɗanɗano mai ban haushi. Wurin narkewa shine 16.6 ° C, wurin tafasa shine 117.9 ° C, kuma yawan dangi shine 1.049 (20/4 ° C). Yana narkewa a cikin ruwa, ethanol, glycerin, ether da carbon chloride; ba ya narkewa a cikin carbonide. Kukis na ruwa marasa ruwa suna haɗuwa zuwa siffar kankara, wanda aka fi sani da ice acetic acid. Yana da lalata. Yana da rauni kuma acid na halitta, acidity na acid, kuma yana iya haifar da halayen esterization tare da barasa.
Kayayyakin sinadarai:Asid mai tsami(AcOH) sinadari ne mai rauni na carboxylic acid. Yana da halayen sinadari na carboxylic acid. Yana yin aiki da wasu karafa, ƙarfe oxides da hydroxides don samar da gishiri. Yawancin acetic acid suna da amfani masu mahimmanci. An yi amfani da asali ferric acetate [Fe(C2H3OO)6OH(OOCCH3)2] da [Fe3(C2H3OO)6(OH)2(OOCCH3)] da lead acetate azaman mordant, kuma an yi amfani da ferrous acetate don bugawa. An yi esterified acetic acid da barasa. Haka kuma ana iya yin esterification da unsaturated hydrocarbon ƙarƙashin aikin catalyst. Ana iya maye gurbin Alpha-hydrogen da halogens; Kuma formaldehyde ƙarƙashin aikin catalyst, zuwa layin Chemicalbook na condensation na alcohol aldehyde; Lokacin da nitric acid ya kasance nitrate a cikin acetic acid, ana iya inganta ƙimar nitrate. Yin amsawa tare da benzoyl chloride, ana iya samar da acetyl chloride da benzoic acid. Ana iya amfani da sinadarin Acetic acid don samar da nau'ikan sinadarai masu mahimmanci iri-iri, kamar su methyl acetate, ethyl ester, propyl ester, butyl ester, da sauransu, wani sinadari ne mai kyau a masana'antar fenti da fenti. Cellulose acetate, wanda aka samar ta hanyar hulɗar acetic anhydride da cellulose, ana iya amfani da shi don yin fim, fenti mai feshi da robobi daban-daban. Ana iya shirya Carboxymethyl cellulose ta hanyar chloroacetic acid. Vinyl acetate da acetic acid da acetylene ke samarwa muhimmin abu ne na albarkatun ƙasa don haɗa magunguna, rini da kayan ƙanshi, da kuma muhimmin sinadari don maganin roba. Acetic acid yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin samar da masana'antu da haɗakar kwayoyin halitta.
Filin aikace-aikace
Amfani da masana'antu
1. Asid mai tsamibabban sinadari ne kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman sinadarai na halitta. Ana amfani da shi galibi don samar da ethidine, ethyls da ethyl acetate. Ana iya yin polyetate ethyl ester ya zama fim da manne, kuma kayan masarufi ne na zare na roba Velun. Ethyl acetic acid cellulose na iya yin siliki na wucin gadi da fina-finan fim.
2. Ethyl acetate wanda aka samar ta hanyar ƙarancin barasa abu ne mai ƙarfi kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar fenti. Saboda yawancin abubuwan halitta da ke narkar da acetic acid, acetic acid kuma ana amfani da shi azaman mai narkewar halitta (misali, don samar da phenyl acid acid acid acid acid).
3. Ana iya amfani da sinadarin Acetic acid a wasu hanyoyin da aka yi wa pickled da cleaned, a matsayin ma'ajiyar sinadarai (kamar galvanizing da sinadaran nickel plating) a cikin maganin acid mai rauni, ƙara ƙarin sinadarai a cikin electrolyte mai haske na nickel-plated hemuminal, da kuma passivation na zinc da cadmium Maganin zai iya inganta ƙarfin ɗaure fim ɗin passivation kuma sau da yawa ana amfani da shi don daidaita pH na farantin acid mai rauni.
4. Ana amfani da shi wajen samar da gishirin ƙarfe, kamar manganese, sodium, gubar, aluminum, zinc, cobalt da sauran ƙarfe, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai a matsayin abubuwan kara kuzari, rini a masana'antar rini da kuma masana'antar tanning fata. Gubar Fouritic acid wani abu ne da ake amfani da shi wajen haɗa sinadarai (kamar gubar tetraitic acid ana iya amfani da ita azaman mai ƙarfi na oxidant, tushen iskar oxygen ta acetyl, da kuma shirya sinadarai na gubar da ke cikin sinadarai, da sauransu).
5. Ana iya amfani da sinadarin acetic acid a matsayin sinadaran nazari, hada sinadarai na halitta, launi da kuma hada magunguna.
Amfani da abinci
A fannin abinci,acetic acidana amfani da shi azaman maganin da aka ƙara acid. Idan aka yi amfani da sinadarin ƙamshi da kayan ƙanshi don yin vinegar na roba, ana narkar da sinadarin acetic acid zuwa kashi 4-5%, sannan a ƙara nau'ikan dandano iri-iri. Mai arha. A matsayin maganin da ke da ɗanɗanon acid, ana iya amfani da shi don kayan ƙanshi iri-iri. An shirya shi don amfani da vinegar, gwangwani, jelly da cuku. Hakanan zaka iya haɗa sinadaran ƙamshi da 0.1 ～ 0.3 g/kg.
Ajiya da sufuri
Gargaɗin Ajiya: A adana a cikin ma'ajiyar ajiya mai sanyi da iska. A ajiye a nesa da wuta da zafi. A lokacin hunturu, ya kamata a ajiye zafin wurin ajiya sama da digiri 16 na Celsius don hana tauri. A rufe akwatin. Ya kamata a adana shi daban da sinadarin oxidant da alkali, kuma kada a gauraya shi. Ana amfani da hasken da ke hana fashewa da iska. Kada a yi amfani da kayan aikin injiniya da kayan aikin da ke iya tartsatsi. Ya kamata a sanya wa wurin ajiyar kayan aikin gaggawa na zubar da ruwa da kayan riƙewa masu dacewa.
Gargaɗin Sufuri: Za a jigilar wannan samfurin ta motocin tankunan aluminum da kamfanonin aluminum ke bayarwa yayin jigilar jirgin ƙasa, kuma za a ba da rahoton amincewar sassan da suka dace kafin jigilar su. Za a gudanar da jigilar layin dogo mara gwangwani bisa ga jerin kayan haɗari da ke cikin "Dokokin Sufuri Masu Haɗari" na Ma'aikatar Jiragen Ƙasa. Ya kamata a cika kayan kuma ya kamata a ɗora su lafiya. A lokacin jigilar kaya, a tabbatar cewa kwantena ba ta zubewa, ta rugujewa, ta faɗi ko ta lalace ba. Motar tanki (tanki) da ake amfani da ita wajen jigilar kaya ya kamata ta sami sarkar ƙasa, kuma za a iya shirya rami a cikin kwano don rage wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi da girgiza ke haifarwa. An haramta haɗa shi da sinadarai masu guba, alkali da abinci. Sufurin hanya ya kamata ya bi hanyar da aka tsara, kada a zauna a wuraren zama da cunkoson jama'a.
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-23-2023