Shin zamanin kayan masarufi da jigilar kaya sun tafi?
Kwanan nan, an sami labarin cewa kayan masarufi suna raguwa akai-akai, kuma duniya ta fara shiga yakin farashi. Shin kasuwar sinadarai za ta yi kyau a wannan shekarar?
Rage kaya zuwa kashi 30%! Kayayyaki ƙasa da matakin kafin annobar!
Ma'aunin Kaya na Kwantena na Shanghai (SCFI) ya faɗi sosai. Bayanai sun nuna cewa sabon ma'aunin ya faɗi da maki 11.73 zuwa 995.16, wanda a hukumance ya faɗi ƙasa da maki 1,000 kuma ya koma matakin kafin barkewar COVID-19 a 2019. Yawan jigilar kaya na layin jiragen ruwa na Yammacin Amurka da layin jiragen ruwa na Turai ya yi ƙasa da farashin, kuma layin jiragen ruwa na gabashin Amurka shi ma yana fama da matsalar farashin, inda ya faɗi tsakanin kashi 1% zuwa 13%!
Daga wahalar samun akwati a shekarar 2021 zuwa yawan akwatunan da babu komai a cikinsu, jigilar jiragen ruwa da yawa a gida da waje ya ragu a hankali, yana fuskantar matsin lamba na "tarin kwantena marasa komai".
Syanayin kowace tashar jiragen ruwa:
Tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Kudancin China kamar su Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Nansha, Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Shenzhen Yantian da Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Shenzhen Shekou duk suna fuskantar matsin lamba na tarin kwantena marasa komai. Daga cikinsu, Tashar Jiragen Ruwa ta Yantian tana da layuka 6-7 na tarin kwantena marasa komai, wanda ke gab da karya mafi yawan adadin kwantena marasa komai da aka tara a tashar cikin shekaru 29.
Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Shanghai, tashar jiragen ruwa ta Ningbo Zhoushan ita ma tana cikin mawuyacin hali na tarin kwantena marasa komai.
Tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Los Angeles, New York da Houston duk suna da yawan kwantena marasa komai, kuma tashoshin jiragen ruwa na New York da Houston suna ƙara yawan wuraren da za a sanya kwantena marasa komai.
Jirgin ruwa na shekarar 2021 ya gaza da kwantenan TEU miliyan 7, yayin da bukatar ta ragu tun daga watan Oktoban 2022. An sauke akwatin da babu komai a ciki. A halin yanzu, an kiyasta cewa sama da kwantenan TEU miliyan 6 suna da kwantenan da suka wuce kima. Saboda babu oda, manyan motoci sun tsaya a tashar jiragen ruwa ta cikin gida, kuma kamfanonin jigilar kayayyaki na sama da na ƙasa suma sun ce aikin ya ragu da kashi 20% a shekara! A watan Janairun 2023, kamfanin tattara kaya ya rage karfin layin jiragen ruwa na Asiya da Turai da kashi 27%. Daga cikin jimillar tafiye-tafiye 690 da aka tsara na manyan hanyoyin ciniki na manyan hanyoyin kasuwanci a fadin Tekun Pacific, Tekun Atlantika da Asiya, da Tekun Bahar Rum, a cikin mako na 7 (13 ga Fabrairu (13 ga Fabrairu Daga ranar 19), an soke tafiye-tafiye 82 daga makonni 5 (13 ga Maris zuwa 19), kuma adadin sokewa ya kai kashi 12%.
Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga bayanai daga Babban Hukumar Kwastam: A watan Nuwamba na 2022, fitar da kayayyaki zuwa Amurka ya ragu da kashi 25.4%. Bayan wannan mummunan raguwar shine cewa odar kera kayayyaki daga Amurka ta ragu da kashi 40%! Odar Amurka ta dawo kuma canja wurin odar wasu ƙasashe, yawan aiki yana ci gaba da ƙaruwa.
Kayan amfanin gona ya faɗi ƙasa da shekaru 5, kuma ya faɗi kusan kusan 200,000!
Baya ga raguwar yawan kaya, saboda sauyin buƙata da raguwar kayan aiki, kayan aikin gona suma sun fara raguwa sosai.
Tun daga watan Fabrairu, ABS ta ci gaba da raguwa. A ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, farashin ABS ya kasance yuan 11,833.33 a kasuwa a kowace tan, ya faɗi da yuan 2,267 a kowace tan idan aka kwatanta da wannan lokacin a shekarar 2022 (yuan 14,100 a kowace tan). Wasu samfuran ma sun faɗi ƙasa da ƙasa na shekaru biyar.
Bugu da ƙari, wanda aka sani da sarkar masana'antar lithium ta "lithium a duk faɗin duniya", shi ma ya faɗi. Lithium carbonate ya tashi daga yuan 40,000/ton a shekarar 2020 zuwa yuan 600,000/ton a shekarar 2022, wanda ya ninka farashin sau 13. Duk da haka, bayan bikin bazara na wannan shekarar, farashin da ake buƙata ya ragu, a cewar kasuwa, kafin ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, farashin lithium carbonate mai nauyin batir ya faɗi da yuan 3000/ton, matsakaicin farashin yuan 430,000/ton, kuma a farkon Disamba 2022 farashin kimanin yuan 600,000/ton, ya faɗi da kusan yuan 200,000/ton, ya faɗi da fiye da kashi 25%. Har yanzu yana raguwa!
Haɓaka cinikayyar duniya, China da Amurka sun "kama umarni" a buɗe?
Ƙarfin aiki ya ragu kuma farashin ya ragu, kuma wasu kamfanonin cikin gida sun riga sun fara hutu na kusan rabin shekara. Ana iya ganin cewa yanayin ƙarancin buƙata da raunin kasuwanni a bayyane yake. Yaƙi mai karo da juna, ƙarancin albarkatu, da haɓaka kasuwancin duniya, ƙasashe suna kwace kasuwa bayan annobar don haɓaka tattalin arzikin ƙasar.
Daga cikinsu, Amurka ta kuma ƙara yawan jarin da take zubawa a Turai yayin da take hanzarta sake gina masana'antarta. A cewar bayanai masu dacewa, jarin da Amurka ta zuba a Amurka a rabin farko na 2022 ya kai dala biliyan 73.974, yayin da jarin ƙasata a Amurka ya kai dala miliyan 148 kacal. Waɗannan bayanai sun nuna cewa Amurka tana son gina sarkar samar da kayayyaki ta Turai da Amurka, wanda hakan kuma ya nuna cewa sarkar samar da kayayyaki ta duniya tana canzawa, kuma cinikin Sin da Amurka na iya haifar da takaddama mai "tsanani".
A nan gaba, har yanzu akwai manyan sauye-sauye a masana'antar sinadarai. Wasu mutane a masana'antar sun ce buƙatar waje tana shafar wadatar kayayyaki a cikin gida, kuma kamfanonin cikin gida za su fuskanci gwajin rayuwa mai tsanani na farko bayan annobar.
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-23-2023